virginia union regiments

FS Library film 1320833 item 6; book 976.9 R22b. The psychological and physical demands of war and extended separation from family compelled soldiers to carefully evaluate why they were fighting. Muster rolls, pay rolls, and index of the Virginia militia in the War of 1812, United States, Mexican War Pension Index, 1887-1926, United States Colored Troops in the Civil War, Virginia, Civil War Service Records of Union Soldiers, 1861-1865, United States Confederate Officers Card Index, 1861-1865, United States Military Old Soldiers Home Records, United States, General Index to Pension Files, 1861-1934, United States, Index to Service Records, War with Spain, 1898, United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, United States, YMCA World War I Service Cards, 1917-1919, Virginians who lost their lives in the World War, United States, World War I American Expeditionary Forces Deaths, 1917-1919, Virginia, World War I American Expeditionary Forces, deaths, 1917-1919, Virginia war history commission supplement (1923) 4v. If Although few Northerners, and even fewer Virginians who fought for the North, were abolitionists at the start, many took pride in fighting to end slavery after 1863. Surrendering U.S. Union Regiments Infantry 1st West Virginia Infantry(3 months service) 1st West Virginia Infantry 1st West Virginia Veteran Infantry (consolidation of 5th and 9th West Virginia Infantry) 2nd West Virginia Infantry (later 5th West Virginia Cavalry) 2nd West Virginia Veteran Infantry (consolidation of 1st and 4th West Virginia Infantry) A database of participants at Valley Forge, which includes many Virginians, is available online. Virginians starved and found themselves prey to foraging soldiers, looters and lawless bands. They visited, frequently exchanged letters, and generally kept open lines of communication with family members, which helped them remain attached to their homes. ($). Despite the state's secession from the Union it would supply them with third most troops from a Southern state (next to Tennessee and North Carolina) along with the newly created West Virginia totaling at 22,000. Many of the battles fought during the war were fought on Virginian land. Labor Management Training. Restrictions: None. Regiments were often composed of men who had lived in the same neighborhoods and had known each other before the war. The original Zouave French African soldiers wore loose and baggy trousers, a short open jacket and a fez and turban for headgear. What did distinguish Confederate soldiers was a closer initial attachment to their home communities. The state was the focal point for a number of reasons.It had more manufacturers and more mines than any other state. Became part of Co. K, 8th VA Cav), Harness' Independent Company, Virginia Cavalry, Moorman's Virginia Cavalry Company (Greenbrier), Young's Virginia Cavalry Company (converted Howitzers, Marine Artillery), 24th Battalion Virginia Cavalry Partisan Rangers (Scott's), Swann's Battalion Virginia Cavalry (Carpenter's), Hounshell's Battalion Virginia Partisan Rangers, Baldwin's Squadron, Partisan Rangers Company, Captain Thurmond's Virginia Partisan Rangers Company, 10th Battalion, Virginia Heavy Artillery (Allen's), 19th Battalion, Virginia Heavy Artillery (Atkinson's), 38th Battalion, Virginia Light Artillery (Read's), 2nd Rockbridge Artillery (McDowell Guard), Bayley's Battery (Virginia Heavy Artillery), 20th Regiment Militia (Princess Anne Co.), 29th Regiment Militia (Isle of Wight Co.), 36th Regiment Militia (Prince William Co.), 37th Regiment Militia (Northumberland Co.), 39th Regiment Militia (City of Petersburg), 52nd Regiment Militia (New Kent Co. and Charles City Co.), 58th Regiment Militia (eastern Rockingham Co.), 62nd Regiment Militia (Prince George Co.), 63rd Regiment Militia (Prince Edward Co.), 68th Regiment Militia (James City Co. and part of York Co.), 101st Regiment Militia (Pittsylvania Co.), 107th Regiment Militia (Randolph Co., WV), 111th Regiment Militia (Westmoreland Co.), 114th Regiment Militia (Hampshire Co., WV), 115th Regiment Militia (Elizabeth City Co., Warwick Co., and part of York Co.), 116th Regiment Militia (western Rockingham Co.), 119th Regiment Militia (Harrison Co., WV), 126th Regiment Militia (Nicholas Co., WV), 127th Regiment Militia (Pocahontas Co., WV), 129th Regiment Militia (Nicholas Co. and Logan Co., WV), 131st Regiment Militia (City of Lynchburg), 134th Regiment Militia (Marshall Co., WV), 135th Regiment Militia (Greenbrier Co., WV), 137th Regiment Militia (Harrison Co., WV), 138th Regiment Militia (Harrison Co., WV), 140th Regiment Militia (Monongalia Co., WV), 168th Regiment Militia (Pittsylvania Co.), 178th Regiment Militia (Monongalia Co., WV), 179th Regiment Militia (City of Richmond), 180th Regiment Militia (Doddridge Co., WV), 182nd Regiment Militia (Buchanan Co., WV), 191st Regiment Militia (Pleasants Co., WV), 198th Regiment Militia (Bland Co. and Clay Co.), 1st Battalion, Virginia Cavalry, Local Defense, 1st Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (Ordnance Battalion), 2nd Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (Waller's/Quartermaster Battalion), 3rd Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (Departmental), 4th Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (Naval/Navy Department Battalion), 5th Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (Arsenal Battalion), 6th Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (Tredegar Battalion), 7th Battalion, Virginia Infantry, Local Defense (1st Nitre Battalion), 1st Regiment Loyal Eastern Virginia Volunteers, 4th Virginia Infantry (later became 4th West Virginia Infantry), 5th Virginia Infantry (later became 5th West Virginia Infantry), 167th Regiment of Virginia Militia (originally a Confederate unit. Community leaders, teachers, wives, and girlfriends encouraged, prodded, or shamed Virginias men into volunteering for Confederate service. May 1, 1861. Ellsworths Zouaves toured the Northern States challenging all comers to drill competitions, spreading their fame throughout the country, and inspiring the creation of other Zouave units. 51 - 60 (2003 - 2011), Cemetery Record Holdings on Microfilm, Microfiche and CD-ROM, Centenary United Methodist Church Records 1871-1969, Aids for Deciphering German Church Records, Aids for Deciphering German Death Notices, United Church of Christ Congregations | Alphabetical, History of the 12th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry, God alone knows which was right : the Blue and Gray Terrill family of Virginia in the Civil War. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. Union Units: 1st Regiment Loyal Eastern Virginia Volunteers 1st Regiment, Virginia Infantry 4th Virginia Infantry (Later 4th West Virginia Infantry) 5th Virginia Infantry (Later 5th West Virginia Infantry) 16th Regiment, Virginia Infantry 167th Regiment of Virginia Militia (Later 167th Regiment West Virginia Militia) Around one-fourth of the Union troops were from New York. Pension records of Virginians may be found in the following: On June 5, 1834, the U.S. Senate required the Secretary of War to submit a statement showing the names of pensioners who were on the pension rolls or had previously been on the pension rolls. 1Infantry units (PACS) Toggle Infantry units (PACS) subsection 1.1Infantry brigades 1.2Infantry regiments Other cities and states in the North and the South also saw the creation of Zouave units. Since there is overlap in the WWI and WWII Selective Service registration, men born in the years 1877 to 1900 may have registered twice and have both WWII and WWI draft records. For all soldiers, but especially for those reared in the Christian tradition, the aversion to killing manifested itself in a perpetual repugnance over what soldiers were called to do. On May 22, 1863, the War Department organized the Bureau for Colored Troops under the leadership of Major Charles W. Foster. In the West, Black soldiers fought at the Battle of Nashville in December 1864 and assisted in the capture of Mobile, Alabama, in 1865. Only a few applied per county, but their neighbors were called as witnesses and asked dozens of questions. In later years of the war state governments in the South were responsible for recruiting, organizing, and often rudimentary training of regiments. Colored Artillery, the 10th U.S. Historians have made much of the autonomous lives that most Virginia men lived prior to the war and drawn the assumption that they could not be reconciled to the demands of the army. These are indexed in volume 4 of: The surrendered warrants and related papers were sent to the General Land Office in Washington, DC, and are now at the National Archives in Warrants Surrendered for Land in the Virginia Military District of Ohio. USCT regiments played increasingly important roles during the nearly ten-month siege of Petersburg. Despite the diversity of cultural backgrounds from which soldiers came, most found the necessity to engage in violence and killing morally repugnant. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. 2020 Virginia Humanities, All Rights Reserved , Pickets of the First Louisiana Native Guard Guarding the New Orleans, Opelousas and Great Western Railroad. Colored Infantry. Encyclopedia Virginia, Virginia Humanities. The first step toward Black military service came in the second month of the war at Fort Monroe on the Virginia Peninsula. Their collection is available for free online. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. Another 32,000 served in Union forces; most of these came from the counties that today comprise the state of West Virginia, while a number of West Virginia troops were recruited from the neighboring states of Ohio and Pennsylvania. The Zouave uniform and fame was as well known on this side of the Atlantic as in Europe, and it was only natural that there would be Zouave imitators in the New World. The regiment was organized at Wheeling, the first company being mustered into the service of the United States on May 10, 1861. The 54th Massachusetts and the 35th USCT (formerly the 1st North Carolina) fight at the Battle of Olustee, Florida. Under various laws, veterans or their heirs could apply to Virginia or to the federal government for a warrant to receive bounty land. The army remained segregated until after the World War II (19391945). This organization, the United States Zouave Cadets (a company of the 60th Regiment, Illinois State Militia), was created from a moribund Chicago volunteer company by Elmer E. Ellsworth, a young idealist with a military persuasion. [ Annual Report of the Adjutant General of the State of West Virginia for the year ending December 31, 1865] Site Index| Virginia Ancestral Trackers Civil War Recognition and acceptance never came easily for African Americans in the army. Casualty figures for junior officerslieutenants and captainswere even higher. Unfortunately, there is no single source for the histories When Richmond fell in April 1865, retreating Confederate troops set fire to supplies left behind, destroying property as well as state and local records. (The Union Army continued to use the recruiting mechanisms that were in place in the Federal Government before the Southern states seceded.). In December 1864, the Union army organized the all-Black Twenty-fifth Corps under General Godfrey Weitzel, which took part in the amphibious assault on Fort Fisher off Wilmington, North Carolina, one of the last ports to be seized by Union troops. One French language newspaper commented Ils pleut des Zouaves (It is raining Zouaves) because there were so many of the units formed in 1861. These two regiments had previously mustered into service as the 1st and 2nd North Carolina Infantry, however, and just happened to be in Tidewater Virginia when their designations were changed. However, discrepancies may exist due to a variety of factors, including the Significant numbers of veterans joined interracial posts and regional department meetings practiced inclusion. Encyclopedia Virginia, Virginia Humanities. There were Zouaves present at every major Civil War battle from First Manassas or First Bull Run to Appomattox. Approximately 155,000 Virginia men served in Confederate forces during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Southern Unionist - Wikipedia Most soldiers stressed their defense of Virginia and their homes from what they regarded as an invading army (even if that army was only traveling through Virginia to reach South Carolina, which initiated the conflict in April). Black troops in Virginia also demanded equal treatment. Click on these links to learn more about the Mexican War and about Mexican War pension records. Many are killed by Confederate troops as they try to surrender. The Battle of Camden website also includes details about many Virginia Revolutionary War soldiers (see American & Brit Participants). After 1890, Congress authorized more general support for veterans and their widows. The Virginia Land Office first issued warrants for land that is now in Kentucky. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Virginia_Civil_War_units&oldid=1158430503, Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Virginia, Lists of military units and formations of the American Civil War, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, Cohoon's Battalion Virginia Infantry (6th North Carolina Infantry Battalion), Charlottesville and University Battalion Virginia Infantry, 4th Virginia Cavalry Brigade (Laurel Brigade), 39th Battalion Virginia Cavalry (Richardson's Battalion of Scouts, Guides, and Couriers), Ferguson's Battalion Virginia Cavalry (Guyandotte), 1st Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 2nd Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 3rd Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 4th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 5th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 8th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 9th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 11th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Patrol Guard, 12th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, 13th Congressional District, Virginia Mounted Guard, Fairview Rifle Guards (from Wayne, WV. By 1865, the state's handsome towns were wrecked; its manufacturing centers destroyed; its farms ruined. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. These applications are also indexed by the Eckenrode source above. Colored Infantry, the 23rd U.S. Newspapers began carrying accounts of their feats at local drill competitions, and especially, of the brilliant uniforms Ellsworth had designed for his unit. The Confederate pension records from 1888 to 1928 are only at the Virginia State Library. Regiments were not as organized at the beginning of the conflict as they later became. A smaller set of motivations emerged within the state over the course of the conflict. Most of those that survive have been gathered and published in the following books: There were many skirmishes with Indians in frontier regions of Virginia. Introduction Regimental histories are valuable research sources that offer a unique perspective for the study of the Civil War. Many Black veterans staked out careers in politics during the Reconstruction years. Others worked as body servants or performed menial labor in the Confederate army and, in rare instances, may have fought. . Rather than the eighteen-year-old second sons long thought to have filled the ranks of the Civil War armies, Virginia soldiers were, on average, twenty-six years old; 55 percent of them were the heads of their respective households. By 1864, Black troops had earned the grudging respect of their white comrades. Every purchase supports the mission. Reconstruction duty presented rewards as well as challenges. We invite you to learn more about Indians in Virginia in our Encyclopedia Virginia. sources, Dyer's Compendium offers the most complete list of organizations of the organizations that fought for the Confederate States of America. The Union policy of attacking Confederate resources had the desired effect of weakening Confederate armies to the point of collapse, but it did little to endear the Union to Virginians or inspire confidence in the U.S. government after the war. Though Virginia soldiers served in all branches and participated in all theaters of war, a significant majority of them fought within the boundaries of their own state. II, Bounty Land Warrants for the U.S. Military District of Ohio. The 2nd U.S. 60, issued on August 21, 1862. Selective Service System. The voting rights and citizenship of former Confederates were restored when they applied for pardon and signed an Amnesty Oath. World War I was a global war fought on multiple continents with several nations involved. Burial in the Freedmens Cemetery also effectively denied the USCT military honors. In addition to making significant contributions to the war effort, they were also subjected to racially motivated atrocities. Accession 27684. Louisville, Kentucky: Standard Printing Co. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library. The first and last significant battles were held in Virginia, and the men that Virginia supplied for the fight were men from all economic and social levels, both slaveholders and non slaveholders, as well as former Unionists. Even as the policy of using African Americans as laborers gained increasing acceptance in the North, the question of enrolling them as soldiers remained controversial. A half million men became casualties within its borders. 1 Introduction 2 Virginia Military Units 3 Battles Fought in Virginia 4 Union Records 4.1 1890 Census 4.2 Service Records 4.3 Pension Records 4.4 Old Soldier Homes 4.5 Southern Claims Commission 4.6 Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) 4.7 Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War 5 Confederate Records 5.1 Service Records 5.2 Pension Records 11th West Virginia Infantry - West Virginia in the Civil War Milton Wells, was commissioned major by Governor Peirpont, October 16, 1862. able to accumulate them, they will be posted here. All garments were made of cotton cloth. in 1, Virginia World War memorial records, city of Buena Vista, 1926-1970, Virginia World War memorial records, city of Fredericksburg, 1931-1957, Virginia World War memorial records, city of Newport News, 1926-1952, Virginia World War memorial records, city of Petersburg, 1948-1950, Virginia World War memorial records, county of Tazewell, 1928-1964, Virginia World War memorial records, county of Amelia, ca. this table to another site with a significant number of Confederate links. Within Virginia, enlistment rates add statistical weight to an analysis long made by scholars of the war: social pressure played an important role in compelling men to join. Several histories have been written about Indian warfare, including: For a detailed guide to Virginia military organization, see: Virginia in the Revolutionary War. Confederate nationalism has been a topic of intense debate among historians, but recent studies indicate that a broad cross section of the white population identified the Confederacy as their country and perceived it as a viable entity. Of these fourteen Medals of Honor, six went to Virginians: Powhatan Beaty (5th USCT), William Harvey Carney (54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry), James Gardiner (36th USCT), Miles James (36th USCT), Edward Ratcliff (38th USCT), and Charles Veal (4th USCT). Patrons can visit the Oak Bend Branch during construction. Addington, Luther F. and Emory L. Hamilton. Thank you. Colored Troops regiments fight at the Battle of the Crater in Virginia. The Fifteenth Infantry was organized September, 1862, with Maxwell McCaslin, colonel; Thomas Morris, lieutenant colonel; the latter having won his advancement by meritorious conduct as captain in the Seventh West Virginia Infantry. 15th West Virginia Infantry - West Virginia in the Civil War These volunteer regiments would select their own commanders, and sometimes, provide their own uniforms and weapons. The counties in between were doomed to suffer mass devastation. List of West Virginia Civil War Union units - Military Wiki From 1863 to 1868, former Confederates could apply for pardon from the federal government. Union general Benjamin Butler was so moved by the heroism of the African American troops that he commissioned 197 medals from Tiffanys of New York to distribute to the troops. The War Department establishes the Bureau for Colored Troops under the leadership of Major Charles W. Foster. Kanawha Division - Wikipedia SUMMARY. On April 12, 1864, Confederate cavalry under the command of Nathan Bedford Forrest overran an interracial Union garrison at Fort Pillow, Tennessee, on the Mississippi River. Although African American soldiers continued to face discrimination, by the time the war ended, they had won a permanent place in the military. The FamilySearch Catalog list records of the Virginia Grand Army of the Republic. On May 27, 1863, the 1st and 3rd Louisiana Native Guards participated in a failed Union assault on Port Hudson, Louisiana. The Clark Family Branch (formerly Headquarters) is closed for construction. The more people held as slaves, the higher the enlistment figures. The volunteer infantry regiment, as prescribed by United States Army regulations, consisted at full strength of 10 companies, each of 97 men and 3 officers. Slave Compensation Claims in Compiled Military Service Records of U.S. Fort Monroe becomes known as "Freedom's Fortress," and a steady stream of "contraband" offered wages, food, and shelter, begins work for the Union army. Early in 1863 Thomas Wentworth Higginson, the abolitionist and white colonel of the 1st South Carolina (33rd USCT) took his regiment on raids in Florida, resulting in the capture and brief occupation of Jacksonville. The 1st and 3rd Louisiana Native Guard regiments participate in an assault on Port Hudson, Louisiana. Units assigned to the cold western reaches of the state were hit the hardest, with some reporting hundreds of men sick in single regiments. They provide details on the organization and achievements of a particular unit, often focusing on wartime activities. Union Regimental Information. The Confederates in turn worked to capture Washington D.C. Despite the successes of the Zouave in the Crimean War, it was not until 1859 that the first widely publicized American Zouave unit was formed. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_American_Civil_War_units_by_state&oldid=1145384799, Lists of military units and formations of the American Civil War, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, This page was last edited on 18 March 2023, at 21:52. The Enrollment Act of March 3, 1865, finally granted full and equal back pay for all Black soldiers. These records are not on microfilm or at the FamilySearch Library. Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! Hundreds of the residents of all kinds in a county may be mentioned in answers to Commission questions, and their wartime activities described. In 1861, a set of easily identifiable motives compelled high enlistment rates across the state. Although there were Zouave units in America before Ellsworth, it was his regiment that really popularized the style. Records Related to Franklin County Regiments - University of Virginia The National Archives also has an alphabetical index, numerical register, and survey register that can help you find a warrant in this collection. Because of absenteeism, the actual strength of a regiment usually numbered only about half of the prescribed strength. Most Virginia USCT units were raised in the Tidewater or Northern Virginia, both areas where Union control had been established early in the war, thus allowing for communities offree Blacksand escaped enslaved African Americans to form. Black Louisiana troops won a victory at Millikens Bend on June 7, and in July, the 1st Kansas Colored Volunteers also won at the Battles of Cabin Creek and Honey Springs. Once in uniform, the men of the USCT saw action in every major theater of the war, with five Virginians being awarded the Medal of Honor. All rights reserved. For a list of regiments, where they were raised, service dates, officers, and brief unit histories, see: The Library of Virginia also has various pay records, militia records, court martial records, appointments of officers, petitions, and other helpful sources. Although a small number of Black soldiers received commissions by the end of the warincluding the Virginia-born Martin R. Delanyand many served as noncommissioned officers, the USCT remained primarily led by whites. Rgt Branch Call # Title; 2nd: Infantry: R 973.7454 H611H: History of the 12th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry: 4th: Artillery: R 973.781 A737G: God alone knows which was right : the Blue and Gray Terrill family of Virginia in the Civil War: 33rd: Brigade: R 973.781 A737G: Lincoln remained noncommittal, but in August his secretary of war, Edwin M. Stanton, ordered Union general Rufus Saxton to organize a regiment of Black soldiers in the South Carolina Sea Islands on an experimental basis. Private citizens may have taken claims or petitions to the county courthouse for compensation for crops, cattle, weapons, and labor used by the military during the war. Dept. The Bureau for Colored Troops brought efficiency to the USCT regiments, but not always equitable treatment. USCT regiments join in fighting along the Boydton Plank Road (Hatcher's Run), and at the Darbytown Road and Fair Oaks in Virginia. Black soldiers were also often denied recruitment bounties routinely offered to white soldiers and were rarely eligible to collect aid for dependents, a benefit that state legislation often made available to white men serving in the ranks. These are indexed by Willard Rouse Jillson, Old Kentucky Entries and Deeds: A Complete Index to All of the Earliest Land Entries, Military Warrants. The bureau issued guidelines for Black regiments, staffed the units with officers, and oversaw recruiting and enrollment. On July 17, 1862, Congress passed the Second Confiscation Act and the Militia Act, both of which authorized the president to employ African Americans as workers or soldiers. Virginia Military Records FamilySearch They participated in the fighting at the Battle of the Crater and were subject to a massacre in its wake. Historians have only recently gained a detailed and reliable picture of who actually fought for the state during the war. Virginia soldiers stayed in the army because of their families. In Virginia, more than one-quarter of all soldiers were captured at some point during the war, some more than once. 100 Charlottesville, VA 22903 (434) 924-3296. the Army of Northern Virginia). Clayton Butler's new book, True Blue: White Unionists in the Deep South These same studies have also revealed that slave owners were also overrepresented in the armies. Slaveholders understood that even if Lincoln were true to his word and did not attack slavery where it existed (and many accused him of concealing his true intentions on this topic), his partys vow to block the expansion of slavery and its clear denunciation of the practice presaged a doubtful future for the institution.
Deaths In Walker County, Texas, Sage Partner Marketing, Why The 40-hour Work Week Is Outdated, Spring Breakout Lacrosse Tournament 2023, Articles V