what is the largest ethnic group in the worldwhat is the largest ethnic group in the world

The 2016 Census shows England and New Zealand are the next most common countries of birth after Australia, the proportion of people born in China and India has increased since 2011 (from 6.0 per cent to 8.3 per cent, and 5.6 per cent to 7.4 per cent, respectively). A number of towns inhabited by religious minorities fell, notably Sinjar, where IS militants killed or captured thousands of Yazidis. The Kurds are one of the indigenous peoples of the Mesopotamian plains and the highlands in what are now south-eastern Turkey, north-eastern Syria, northern Iraq, north-western Iran and south-western Armenia. The average number of hospital beds per 1,000 population is 2.94. Canadian is the largest self-identified ethnic group in Canada. )[citation needed], As of 2008, the school life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) for a man or woman is 11 years. PDF Ethnic group statistics - Home | UNESCO [13] The United Nations estimated an annual population increase of 1.14% for the year of 2000. Far-right parties on the rise across Europe, The daring women standing up to troops in India, Mother of teenager killed in Iran tells of anguish. It is, nevertheless, the process of labor mobilization under capitalism that imparts to these distinctions their effective values. In 1950, the UNESCO statement "The Race Question", signed by some of the internationally renowned scholars of the time (including Ashley Montagu, Claude Lvi-Strauss, Gunnar Myrdal, Julian Huxley, etc. Combined, the three largest visible minority groups-South Asians, Chinese and Blacks-accounted for 61.3% of the visible minority population in 2011. Others, like Charles Taylor and Will Kymlicka, argue that the notion of the autonomous individual is itself a cultural construct. Ethnic groups - The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency Over the next 80 years, any move by Kurds to set up an independent state was brutally quashed. In 1946, Mustafa Barzani formed the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) to fight for autonomy in Iraq. [31], Another influential theoretician of ethnicity was Fredrik Barth, whose "Ethnic Groups and Boundaries" from 1969 has been described as instrumental in spreading the usage of the term in social studies in the 1980s and 1990s. Stands Alone in its Embrace of Religion", "Brief Review of World Demographic Trends Trends in Age Distributions", "Mapped: The Median Age of the Population on Every Continent", Food First/Institute for Food and Development Policy, "Rising food prices curb aid to global poor", UNdata: Crude birth rate (per 1,000 population), Uneca.org: Crude Birth Rates The World and its Major Regions, 19502050, Federal report shows drop in adolescent birth rate, July 7, 2011 News Release National Institutes of Health (NIH), "Ireland has one of highest birth and lowest death rates in EU", "Call for more midwives as birth rate reaches 40-year high", "Germany faces up to its kinder surprise", "CDC records rise in birth rate for women over 40", "Taiwanese birth rate plummets despite measures", UNdata: Crude death rate (per 1,000 population), "Life Span Extension Research and Public Debate: Societal Considerations", "Graph Charts of TFR and FLR using Google Motion Chart using World Bank's World Development Index", "World Health Statistics 2016: Monitoring health for the SDGs Annex B: tables of health statistics by country, WHO region and globally", "Countries Compared by Health > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people. [18] The overall population of the world is approximately 8 billion as of November 2022. [58] The ethnicity paradigm neglected the ways in which race can complicate a community's interactions with social and political structures, especially upon contact. Current topics are in particular social and cultural differentiation, multilingualism, competing identity offers, multiple cultural identities and the formation of Salad bowl and melting pot. However, the White alone population decreased by 8.6% since 2010. Ethnicity and Race by Country| Infoplease - Infoplease: An Online If only the Earth's land area of 150millionkm2 (58millionsqmi) is taken into account, then human population density increases to 53.3 people/km2 (138 people/sqmi).[40][41]. Total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. India is the most populous country in the world with one-sixth of the world's population. Many Jains do not return Jainism as their religion on census forms for various reasons such as certain Jain castes considering themselves both Hindu and Jain. A total world average of 39% do not have access to sanitation facilities. According to the World Health Organization, the 10 leading causes of death in 2002 were: Causes of death vary greatly between first and third world countries. "Ethnic Groups and Boundaries", therefore, is a focus on the interconnectedness of ethnic identities. (Oxford English Dictionary Second edition, online version as of 2008-01-12, s.v. The sense of "different cultural groups", and in American English "tribal, racial, cultural or national minority group" arises in the 1930s to 1940s,[11] serving as a replacement of the term race which had earlier taken this sense but was now becoming deprecated due to its association with ideological racism. "African Music", in R. Bascom and, M.J. Herskovits (eds). US Hispanic population reached new high in 2019, but growth slowed Examples for the first case are found throughout Africa, where countries created during decolonization inherited arbitrary colonial borders, but also in European countries such as Belgium or United Kingdom. Why are French police using guns during traffic stops? [98] Birth rates also vary within the same geographic area, based on different demographic groups. Ethnicity may be construed as an inherited or societally imposed construct. In August 2014, the jihadists launched a surprise offensive and the Peshmerga withdrew from several areas. But it was not until 1961 that he launched a full armed struggle. [91], In 2022 the world population reached the 8 billion. To Barth, ethnicity was perpetually negotiated and renegotiated by both external ascription and internal self-identification. Thus, anthropologist Joan Vincent observed that ethnic boundaries often have a mercurial character. Fertility rates are also higher due to the lack of access to contraceptives, generally lower levels of female education, patriarchal culture and lower rates of female employment in industry. In 2006, more than 36 millions died of hunger or diseases due to deficiencies in micronutrients". [90], Population in the world increased from 1990 to 2008 with 1,423 billion and 27% growth. In 1978, anthropologist Ronald Cohen claimed that the identification of "ethnic groups" in the usage of social scientists often reflected inaccurate labels more than indigenous realities: the named ethnic identities we accept, often unthinkingly, as basic givens in the literature are often arbitrarily, or even worse inaccurately, imposed. [107][further explanation needed]. In October 2017, SDF fighters captured the de facto IS capital of Raqqa and then advanced south-eastwards into the neighbouring province of Deir al-Zour - the jihadists' last major foothold in Syria. The colonization of Asia was largely ended in the 20th century, with national drives for independence and self-determination across the continent. More Americans specify as German than any other ethnicity. Today, they form a distinctive community, united through race, culture and language, even though they have no standard dialect. African Americans are mainly of African ancestry, but many have non-Black ancestors as well. The advent of agriculture prompted the Neolithic Revolution, when access to food surplus led to the formation of permanent human settlements. During the same period, the largest racial or ethnic group has changed for some states and counties, and local level results illuminate new areas of diversity across the country. For the group aged below 15, Sierra Leone has the highest female ratio with 0.96 males/female, and Georgia and China are tied for the highest male ratio with 1.13 males/female (according to the 2006 CIA World Factbook). [32] This may be why descent is sometimes a marker of ethnicity, and sometimes not: which diacritic of ethnicity is salient depends on whether people are scaling ethnic boundaries up or down, and whether they are scaling them up or down depends generally on the political situation. Ethnography begins in classical antiquity; after early authors like Anaximander and Hecataeus of Miletus, Herodotus laid the foundation of both historiography and ethnography of the ancient world c.480 BC. Please note that this table includes heterodox movements as adherents to their larger philosophical category, although this may be disputed by others within that category. ", "David Konstan, "Defining Ancient Greek Ethnicity", Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies, vol. The term may also be used with the connotation of something unique and unusually exotic (cf. Total population: 83.7% over the age of 15 can read and write, 88.3% male and 79.2% female[citation needed] Han- 1.3 billion Americans - 316.5 million Bengali- 230 million Russian people- 150 million German- 150 million (81m with German citizenship) Italian people- 145 million (60m with Italian citizenship) Punjabi people- 143 million Yamato people- 120+ million French people- 110 million (65m with French citizenship) Spanish people- 100 mill. Those forces captured the key border town of Jarablus, preventing the YPG-led SDF from seizing the territory itself and linking up with the Kurdish enclave of Afrin to the west. "Interculturalism: Between Identity and Diversity". Racialized groups - Canada at a Glance, 2022. [105][bettersourceneeded] In industrialized nations, the proportion was even higher according to that article, reaching 90%. In response to uprisings in the 1920s and 1930s, many Kurds were resettled, Kurdish names and costumes were banned, the use of the Kurdish language was restricted, and even the existence of a Kurdish ethnic identity was denied, with people designated "Mountain Turks". (1978) "Ethnicity: Problem and Focus in Anthropology". . Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, society, nation, religion, or social treatment within their residing area. Gift Article Update: A professor who studies race and ethnic conflict responds to this map. These major ethnic groups occupy most government positions and other senior positions in Kenya. It is a rich balance of ancestry, religion, culture, nationality, language, region etc. [78][79] There are some 26 ethnic groups in the province,[80] and six languages are in official use by the provincial administration. Following is some available data based on the work of the World Christian Encyclopedia:[71], Studies conducted by the Pew Research Center have found that, generally, poorer nations had a larger proportion of citizens who found religion to be very important than richer nations, with the exceptions of the United States[76] and Kuwait. Park outlined four steps to assimilation: contact, conflict, accommodation, and assimilation. Wallman, S. "Ethnicity research in Britain", Network Analysis and Ethnographic Problems, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Indigenous peoples of the Americas North America, Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world, "Characterizing Race/Ethnicity and Genetic Ancestry for 100,000 Subjects in the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) Cohort", "J.P. Rushton's theory of ethnic nepotism", "Reconsidering primordialism: an alternative approach to the study of ethnicity", "A new conceptualization of ethnicity for social epidemiologic and health equity research", "Challenges of measuring an ethnic world", "Despite the Terrors of Typologies: The Importance of Understanding Categories of Difference and Identity", "What is Ethnic Identity and Does it Matter? Most Ethnically Diverse Countries In The World - World Map / World Ethnic groups are abundant throughout Asia, with adaptations to the climate zones of Asia, which can be the Arctic, subarctic, temperate, subtropical or tropical. The total number of national minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million people or 14% of 770 million Europeans.[76]. Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea is the world's most linguistically diverse country, a fact that contributes to its status as the most ethnically diverse country in the world. Ethnic diversity is one form of the social complexity found in most contemporary societies. [12] Depending on context, the term nationality may be used either synonymously with ethnicity or synonymously with citizenship (in a sovereign state). Assimilation shedding the particular qualities of a native culture for the purpose of blending in with a host culture did not work for some groups as a response to racism and discrimination, though it did for others. According to this view, states must recognize ethnic identity and develop processes through which the particular needs of ethnic groups can be accommodated within the boundaries of the nation-state. An IS advance in northern Iraq in June 2014 also drew that country's Kurds into the conflict. In 1988, Saddam Hussein unleashed a campaign of vengeance on the Kurds that included the chemical attack on Halabja. [97] By contrast, the birth rate in Germany is only 8.3 per 1,000, which is so low that both the UK and France, which have significantly smaller populations, produced more births in 2010. They could become equal if they abandoned their inferior cultures. Americans, Italians, Poles, French, Scottish, Native Americans, Puerto Ricans, Norwegians, Dutch people, Swedish people, Chinese people, West Indians, Russians and Filipinos. More than 22 million Asians live in the U.S., and almost all trace their roots to specific countries or populations from East and Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data. By the late 1850s, Canada had received many immigrants with origins including English, French, Scottish, Irish, German, Italian, and Chinese. The number of people who consider themselves party to a "folk tradition" is impossible to determine. In the 19th century, the term came to be used in the sense of "peculiar to a tribe, race, people or nation", in a return to the original Greek meaning. There will be less children or working age population to support the constantly growing aging population. a social construct) because they were based on a subjective belief in shared Gemeinschaft (community). It is separated from Antarctica by the Drake Passage and is joined to North America by the Isthmus of Panama. As compared to the 1950s, birth rate was at 36 births per 1000 in the 1950s,[94] birth rate has declined by 16 births per 1000 people. mixed race Britons will overtake Indian people to become the UK's largest ethnic minority group within . [99] There were brief attempts to settle Clipperton with Mexicans and Jarvis with Native Hawaiians in the early 20th century. This list includes only independent countries, not regions. Earlier 20th-century "Primordialists" viewed ethnic groups as real phenomena whose distinct characteristics have endured since the distant past. 2023 BBC. [9] The Greek term in early antiquity (Homeric Greek) could refer to any large group, a host of men, a band of comrades as well as a swarm or flock of animals. More than half of the increase in the country's total population from 2000 to 2010 was due to growth in the Hispanic population alone. The state officially categorizes its population into six groups: white, African American, Native American/Alaskan Native, Pacific Islander, Asian, and Native Hawaiian. In undeveloped countries on the other hand, families desire children for their labour and as caregivers for their parents in old age. ), generally related to cultures of more recent immigrants, who arrived after the dominant population of an area was established. [90][91][92] Contemporary residents are mainly mestizos and Europeans from the Latin American countries whom administer them,[93] although none of these islands have extensive populations. 96% of the urban population has access to improved drinking water, while only 78% of rural inhabitants have improved drinking water. [63] Under these conditionswhen people moved from one state to another,[64] or one state conquered or colonized peoples beyond its national boundaries ethnic groups were formed by people who identified with one nation, but lived in another state. Chinese Americans are the largest Asian origin group in the U.S., making up 24% of the Asian population, or 5.4 million people. Earth has a human population of over 8 billion as of 2023, with an overall population density of 50 people per km2 (130 per sq. "This the Constitution forbids." They constitute the country's largest ethnic minority. In September 2014, IS launched an assault on the enclave around the northern Syrian Kurdish town of Kobane, forcing tens of thousands of people to flee across the nearby Turkish border. [27].mw-parser-output .is-sticky{position:sticky;top:0}. These are the inland wet-rice (irrigated rice) societies, the coastal trading, farming, and fishing peoples, and the inland societies of shifting cultivators. Population growth was highest in Qatar (174%) and United Arab Emirates (140%). However, in countries like Iran where contraception was made artificially affordable before the economy accelerated, birth rate also rapidly declined. [25], The following estimates of global trends in various demographic indicators from 1950 to 2021 are from UN DESA's World Population Prospects 2022. "[citation needed]. [22] Problems for humans living in cities include various forms of pollution and crime,[23] especially in inner city and suburban slums. Membership of an ethnic group tends to be associated with shared ancestry, . In January 2014, Kurdish parties - including the dominant Democratic Union Party (PYD) - declared the creation of "autonomous administrations" in the three "cantons" of Afrin, Kobane and Jazira. Anthropologists and historians, following the modernist understanding of ethnicity as proposed by Ernest Gellner[61] and Benedict Anderson[62] see nations and nationalism as developing with the rise of the modern state system in the 17th century. 5 Latinos are among the youngest racial or ethnic groups in the U.S. but saw one of the largest increases in median age over the past decade. They argue in Racial Formation in the United States that the ethnicity theory was exclusively based on the immigration patterns of the white population and did take into account the unique experiences of non-whites in the United States. In Southern Africa, growth is slowing due to the high number of HIV-related deaths. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. This was contrary to the prevailing naturalist belief of the time, which held that socio-cultural and behavioral differences between peoples stemmed from inherited traits and tendencies derived from common descent, then called "race". Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region of China, is at 7.42 births per 1000 people. Syria's Kurds have long been suppressed and denied basic rights. [citation needed] Lower literacy rates are found mostly in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. The world's population is predominantly urban and suburban,[6] and there has been significant migration toward cities and urban centres. As of 2009, the average birth rate (unclear whether this is the weighted average rate per country [with each country getting a weight of 1], or the unweighted average of the entire world population) for the whole world is 19.95 per year per 1000 total population, a 0.48% decline from 2003's world birth rate of 20.43 per 1000 total population. Search and menus; . Whether through division or amalgamation, the formation of a separate ethnic identity is referred to as ethnogenesis. Europeans, primarily from England arrived first in 1770. In 2021, the number of Americans who identified as non-Hispanic and more than one race was 13.5 million. World & Nation. Hindi is spoken by about 370 to 420 million speakers, mostly in India and Pakistan. The consequences of Nazi racism discouraged essentialist interpretations of ethnic groups and race. [84], In Canada, European Canadians are the largest ethnic group. In response, the SDF turned to the Syrian government for help and reached a deal for the Syrian army to deploy along the border. The Turkish government subsequently launched what it called a "synchronised war on terror" against the PKK and IS. Hartmann, Douglas. How did Annies body end up on a Scottish beach? The Caribbean was also colonized and discovered by the Portuguese, English, Dutch and French. In 2013, a ceasefire was agreed after secret talks were held. This theory was preceded by more than 100 years during which biological essentialism was the dominant paradigm on race. The world's largest stateless ethnic group finds itself in one of Earth's most politically volatile regions. [82], A sizeable number of people in the United States have mixed-race identities. Ethnic groups may share a narrow or broad spectrum of genetic ancestry, depending on group identification, with many groups having mixed genetic ancestry.[3][4][5]. [5] The Syrian government has vowed to take back control of all of Syria. Prior to European arrival, indigenous peoples (Inuit, Metis, and First Nations) lived in Canada. In February 2008, the U.N. estimated that half the world's population would live in urban areas by the end of the year. Kanchan Chandra rejects the expansive definitions of ethnic identity (such as those that include common culture, common language, common history and common territory), choosing instead to define ethnic identity narrowly as a subset of identity categories determined by the belief of common descent. For the academic journal, see, Toggle Definitions and conceptual history subsection, Toggle Ethnic groups by continent subsection. Some Hispanic and Latino Americans living in the United States are not mestizos. An ethnicity or ethnic group is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Ethnic groups - The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency In the 20th century, people began to argue that conflicts among ethnic groups or between members of an ethnic group and the state can and should be resolved in one of two ways. [78], In 2021, 13.3 million babies, or about 10 per cent of the total worldwide, were born to mothers under 20 years old. The term ethnic group was first recorded in 1935 and entered the Oxford English Dictionary in 1972. Socially defined category of people who identify with each other, "Ethnicities" redirects here. [8], As of 2021, the total fertility rate of the world is estimated at 2.32[11] children per woman, which is slightly below the global average for the replacement fertility rate of approximately 2.33 (as of 2003),[12] which would mean the world's population is declining. [97], The once uninhabited Bonin Islands, later politically integrated into Japan, have a small population consisting of Japanese mainlanders and descendants of early European settlers. Asian Americans are the fastest-growing major racial or ethnic group in the United States. In September 2017, a referendum on independence was held in both the Kurdistan Region and the disputed areas seized by the Peshmerga in 2014, including Kirkuk. Turkey's fear of a reignited Kurdish flame. [6] Perspectives that developed after the 1960s increasingly viewed ethnic groups as social constructs, with identity assigned by societal rules.[7].