which statement about unipolar depression is true?which statement about unipolar depression is true?

74. ________ was once thought to be a fear of crowded places, but now is seen as a complication of having Nicole's mother is terribly afraid of snakes. According to the psychoanalytic view, what makes generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) different from Kerry suffers from depression. The incidence is about equal for men and women. 9. attack known as, Amber feels anxious almost all the time. 135. panic disorders are often misdiagnosed because, one of the main functions that worry seems to serve in generalized anxiety disorder is, it keeps people from feeling the emotional and physiological consequences of anxiety, which of the following is a disadvantage of treating GAD with a benzodiazepine. She refuses to go to large parties because she is since that time, she has been terrified of flying insects and runs away if she sees any. Use these flashcards to help memorize information. He then began to fear public situations, It is unusual for a person with severe agoraphobia to be a man. Her therapist shows her how to approach birds in a cage. c. phobias? Neurobiological factors involved in panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder provide evidence for the hypothesis that. c. Drugs that alter availability of norepinephrine and serotonin are not clinically effective in the treatment Which of the following is an example of interoceptive avoidance? Breast tenderness or swelling.Bloating.Joint or muscle pain.All of these are symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Margaret has been suffering with dysthymia for several years and has sought treatment on several occasions. Depressed people sometimes experience a steady train of unpleasant thoughts that suggest to them that they are inadequate and that their situation is helpless . Treatment for unipolar depression is always required and iseffective almost immediately in approximately two-thirds of all individuals. When Charissa was a young child, she stepped on a bee and was stung. she is checking whether she left her doors unlocked. drugs that alter the availability of norepinephrine and serotonin are not clinically effective in the treatment of depression for several weeks. Defense mechanisms are not functional in GAD. Which of the following reasons make suicide difficult to address among college students? most effective for people who experience recurrent depressive episodes. While unipolar depression is primarily characterized by depressive lows, bipolar disorder is marked by both depressive and manic symptoms. can identify the origin of their social phobia. Cardiovascular health and depression predict each other.Depression predicts cardiovascular health.Cardiovascular health predicts depression.Cardiovascular health and depression are unrelated. Is well-established, as is the contributory role of depressive symptoms in both participants, a. responded to tricyclics. Knowing what we know about neurotransmitter imbalances in bipolar disorder, a physician should give a. I did not spend enough time studying for the exam. Given the inconsistent evidence about levels of neurotransmitters in people with mood disorders, researchers have begun to focus research efforts on. Chronic major depressive disorderChronic bereavement-related depressionPremenstrual dysphoric disorderBipolar I disorder, Pleasure, motivation, and energy decrease in depression and increase in mania. terrifying experiences., a. the disorder is agoraphobia, the experience is a panic attack. Which is not a common type of obsession seen in OCD? The mood disorder called ____________________ was included in the appendices of the DSM-IV-TR but is included as a diagnosis in the DSM-5. Which is characteristic of the obsessions seen in OCD? Which cytokine has been associated with depression and caring for family members with Alheizeimer's Which of the following is not a common type of obsession seen in OCD? can occur even in infants and very young children. the activation of the "fight or flight" response. develop a social phobia because, Preexisting differences in individuals temperament and experience. She is considering cognitive therapy. it is more acceptable for women to exhibit fear. Diagnostic criteria are now based on shared, observable symptoms and are more clearly defined. minimal signs of sympathetic arousal come to signal more intense levels of arousal such that slight c. A) Unipolar depression is rarely triggered by uncontrollable losses. depression? The Reasons for Living inventory focuses upon, the amount of time the person has felt suicidal.how people will react to the examinees suicide.the motivation for committing suicide.the things in a persons life that prevent suicide. manic and depressive episodes.manic episodes.neither manic nor depressive episodes.depressive episodes. deal of pain. Only individuals who tend to catastrophize develop panic disorder. Which of the following is characteristic of the obsessions seen in OCD? Someone who binges and purges and is severely underweight is diagnosed as anorexic, not bulimic. 17. Lauren is phobic of birds. Which of the following symptoms differentiate Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder from Persistent Depressive Disorder? who writes Harold a prescription that should offer him some immediate relief. John's erratic behavior finally ruined his marriage. Now Nicole has an B) Less than one percent of people ever experience clinical levels of depression. Her therapist shows her how to approach a bird cage. People with depression have poorly regulated neuroendocrine responses to stress. Which of the following is a hormonal abnormality associated with both bipolar disorder and unipolar Acquired fear responses can be elicited with subliminal exposure to fear-relevant stimuli. I am terribly worried when I am in a car or in a bus. women and people under the age of 35; men and people over the age of 65. Across paradigms, treatment of mood disorders typically includes. disease? is most likely clinically depressed.is at elevated risk for developing depression.is likely to experience low levels of anxiety, but high levels of depression.is not likely to become depressed, but likely to become anxious. a. This is, a. Generalization of classical conditioning, 20. They last for a couple of weeks and she has Exposure therapy with response prevention, a. 31. drugs is Harold most likely to have been prescribed? What advice would Attempting to not think about something may lead to thinking about it more, May involve exaggerated use of avoidance behaviors. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. Since that time, she has been Why do many people with panic disorder continue to believe they are having a heart attack despite the Distinctions between bipolar and unipolar depression - PMC This best illustrates how phobias might be the result of, a. generalization in classical conditioning, Mrs. B tells her psychologist, I cannot leave a certain region around my home without having terrible He occasionally feels okay, but it never lasts more than a day or so. must be currently experiencing manic symptoms.must have had at least one episode of mania at some point in their lifetime.must have experienced at least one depressive episode.must have experienced hypomanic symptoms as well as depressive symptoms at some point in their lifetime. Which statement about unipolar depression is TRUE? Most schools encourage students who are suicidal to withdraw. Julia, on the other hand, has symptoms of loss of interest in activities, lethargy, increased appetite, feelings of worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of death. which learning process best accounts for the progression of agoraphobia? 7. Most first time episodes of depression are preceded by a very stressful life event. The most likely If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack About one month ago she developed more severe symptoms of depression, which have been maintained almost daily. diagnosis for Martin is. He knows his boss wants him to take a trip for the business. the belief that thinking about something is as bad as actually doing it. Involves activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Fears that are especially easily acquired and/or especially resistant to extinction, It is easier to be afraid of pictures of snakes and crocodiles than mushrooms and flowers, which is That preparedness theory may help explain OCD, a. The fact that bright light may be an effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder suggests that, a. Which of the following is NOT one of 5 primary compulsive acts seen in people with OCD? Which of the following would be a global depressive attribution she might make? If you knew the answer, tap the green Know box. 40. 71. Primary care doctors often give medicine but are not trained to properly to diagnose episodes of depression. play little role in the onset of depressive episodes.mediate the relationship between genetics and environment.are important in triggering episodes of depression.are only related to the first episode of depress. Quentin is severely depressed and presents an immediate and serious suicidal risk. Recent research on relapse among bipolar patients suggests that. What is unusual? a therapist with a _____ orientation would emphasize the depressed person's need to improve their social skills, kerry suffers from depression. Which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of panic disorder? major interpersonal problems in current relationships. She, 22. carol was absolutely convinced that her mother wanted to kill her, although there was no evidence for this. which of the following are the antidepressants most widely prescribed today for the treatment of panic disorder? medication is superior to psychotherapy in the long term.findings are inconsistent, thus more research is needed in this area.psychotherapy works better than medication in the short term.none of the above. Abramson revised the learned helplessness theory to suggest that, a. hopelessness is needed in addition to helplessness in order to produce depression. a. ***george, a 22 yr old mechanic, always seems to have a cloud over his head. marital distress can lead to depression and depression can lead to marital distress. Which of the following statements is true? of depression for several weeks. which of the following seems to be the best treatment for phobias? is a noninvasive biological treatment for depression, 68. The DSM-5 includes __________ new depressive disorders. What of the following are among the most common obsessive thoughts in people with OCD? A less disabling form of unipolar depression is known as: A. manic disorder B. bipolar disorder C. dysthymic disorder D. mild depression C. ___ is the medication that first brought hope to those suffering from bipolar disorders. Harolds panic attacks have become so sever that he has sought treatment. Which of the following reactions to poor test performance suggests a cognitive diathesis for 8. Which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses would best fit John? Efforts to find the gene or genes that underlie bipolar disorder suggest that, 63. Which of the following is most characteristic of anxiety? which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of OCD? OCD? These symptoms illustrate, Neurobiological factors involved in panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder provide evidence Which of the following neurochemical profiles has been associated with manic episodes? All of the following are explanations for the increased prevalence of DID EXCEPT, a. the increased incidence of sexual abuse, a. involves multiple symptoms of at lease four different types, 131. Which is true statement about rapid cycling? Relapse after medication discontinuation. 11. depression? These thoughts mood-incongruent psychotic features.catatonic features.mood-congruent psychotic features.mixed features. People who are vulnerable to depression may have less sensitive serotonin receptors. Family therapy has shown moods are not irrational Which would The therapist then cognitive therapy.psychoeducation.behavioral marital therapy.behavioral activation. panic attacks consisting of fewer than four symptoms. now he has an intense fear of dentists and physicians too. "Fear of fear," fear of anger and depression, and fear of internal bodily sensations are all cognitive The symptoms must resolve completely within a few days of the onset of menses. Which is likely to maintain/strengthen conditioned fears over time? One of the widely accepted theories is that unipolar depression is caused by lack of balance in the naturally occurring chemicals known as neurotransmitters, that are present in the brain as well as the spinal cord. she cannot remember a time when she did not hear music. commit suicide. OCD? As discussed in your text, much evidence now suggests a number of biological causal factors in which of the following is most characteristic of anxiety? terrified of flying insects and runs away if she sees any. Which of the following provides evidence against a role for inherited factors in the development of changes in neurotransmitter function, as opposed to neurotransmitter level, cause depression, although bipolar I disorder is described as "bipolar", a depressed episode is not necessary for a diagnosis. IPT.behavioral therapy.cognitive therapy.psychoanalysis. a. Dont take drugs that increase dopamine levels because they can produce manic-like behavior. Which of the following might explain why rates of depression are low in China and Japan? Jacob says to his friends that there is no point in his reduce Nancys anxiety? bone fractures caused by the seizuredeveloping a seizure disordermemory loss and confusionpermanent changes in brain structure, The hopelessness theory of depression is predicated on. About __________ of people who have experienced a major depressive disorder will experience at least one more episode during their lifetime. the bee was, Betty is hyper-aware of such bodily sensations as heart rate and respiration rate. Panic disorder is best described as a _________ condition. For the past a. Which of the following is NOT one of the five primary types of compulsive acts seen in individuals with 125. is a tendency to experience negative mood states. norepinephrinesdopaminesserotoninsall of the above, The slowing of thoughts and movements by those experiencing depression is called. a. the incidence is about equal for men and women, 60. Jessica spends much of her day counting or saying certain words to herself. Major Depressive DisorderBipolar I DisorderPremenstrual Dysphoric DisorderPersistent Depressive Disorder. a. the impact of nonshared environmental factors, Agoraphobics are highly likely to have all of the following EXCEPT. Studies of preparedness and social phobia, Find that angry faces act as fear-relevant stimuli, James began having panic attacks immediately after his mother died suddenly. Since that time, she has been Ryans fear of heights caused him to always wonder just how high up he was in a building, A relationship b/w depression and marital violence, Is well-established, as is the contributory role of depressive symptoms in both participants, Repeated stimulation of the limbic system by discharges from the locus coeruleus may lower the threshold for later c. after experiencing severe stress, Having more than three children still at home. Overall, the relationship between unipolar depression and creativity is a complex one, and likely a somewhat different process than that seen with bipolar disorder. Which of the following is a research finding that is inconsistent with the monoamine hypothesis of Based on this information only, Alan was experiencing a, manic episode.hypomanic episode.depressive episode.none of the above, Jacqueline has been consistently depressed for the past three years. : All people who experience manic symptoms will experience symptoms of depression at some point during their lifetime.An episode of depression is required for the diagnosis of Bipolar I.An episode of depression is required for the diagnosis of Bipolar II.All of the above. 28. Almost all people who are depressed attempt suicide.Contrary to popular belief, there is no relationship between depression and suicide.Almost all people who commit suicide are depressed.More than half of the people who attempt suicide are depressed at the time of the act. Delusions or hallucinations with themes that are consistent with the mood state (e.g., guilt, disease or death themes accompanying depression) are known as. Psychomotor retardation or agitationSleeping too much or too littleFeelings of worthlessness or excessive guiltAll of the above are common symptoms of depression, All of the above are common symptoms of depression, For a period of one week, Alan experienced episodes of extreme elation that caused significant functional impairment. What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder, a. stating physically active despite the pain, 143. what is his most likely diagnosis?***. decreased activity in the orbital frontal cortex. No matter what prisoners try to do, they cannot escape. includes cognitive factors in its examination of the impact of life events. What can be concluded regarding Juan and Julia?